RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE
April 7, 2005
USAID distributed livelihood asset packages to 172 Kurdish internally displaced persons who fled insurgents in Fallujah.
Contents:
Electricity ...........................................................2
Water and Sanitation.........................................3
Economic Governance ......................................4
Agriculture.........................................................5
Education .......................................................... 6
Local Governance ............................................. 7
National Governance ..................................... 8
Community Action Program ........................... 9
Transition Initiatives ....................................... 10
Disaster Assistance........................................ 11
Completed Activities....................................... 12
Financial Summary ........................................ 13
USAID assists Iraqis in reconstructing their country by working with Iraq’s Interim Government. Programs are
implemented in coordination with the United Nations, country partners, nongovernmental organizations and private
sector partners.
This report highlights USAID’s overall accomplishments and recent reconstruction efforts in Iraq. For more information,
please visit www.usaid.gov/iraq.
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WWW.USAID.GOV

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS
TO DATE
ELECTRICITY
USAID’s goals include the emergency repair or rehabilitation of power genera-
tion facilities and electrical grids. Teams of engineers from the Ministry of
Electricity, USAID and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers have been working
since May 2003 to restore the capacity of Iraq’s power system.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
To improve the reliability of power generation, work is moving forward
on the expansion of a power plant in southern Baghdad. Currently, Bagh-
dad receives electricity for half the day. When completed, this project will add
215 MW to the national grid. The existing plant is a mid-sized thermal power
plant that has a 132-kilovolt (KV) connection and is serviced by a heavy fuel
pipeline.
Recent activities on the expansion have included welding and assembly of
exhaust stacks on two turbines. On the first turbine, the electrical duct bank
installation is complete and work on the exhaust stack external rings and si-
lencer continues. Work to construct the plant’s accompanying fuel tank farm is
also progressing. The final alignment between the second turbine and gen-
erator shafts took place on March 22. Piping for generator lube oil systems
and off-base cooling water systems was recently finished. Both turbines will
be ready for heavy fuel operation and substantial completion by mid-August
2005. At that time, the fuel supply will be delivered directly to the plant from
an existing heavy fuel oil pipeline.
USAID has sponsored operations and maintenance (O&M) training for
power plant staff. Currently, actual electricity generation performs at only
50%-60% of total capacity (7,500 MW). With a total US government invest-
ment of $3 billion in infrastructure improvement projects in the electricity sec-
tor, O&M training and institutional strengthening activities are required to en-
sure sustainable operation and maintenance of new and refurbished facilities.
The O&M training effort provides for classroom training of 239 Ministry of
Electricity (MOE) staff in tiers corresponding to their management level. Tier
one offers instruction in leadership and strategy for senior managers. Tier two
trains 36 plant managers in leadership, advanced plant management and
electrical business development at a U.S. university. Tier three teaches com-
bustion plant and thermal plant operations to 83 senior power plant manag-
ers. Finally, Tier four, stresses calibration, boiler & water chemistry, and tech-
nical classes.
The goal of O&M training is to establish a tradition of best operational prac-
tices and modern management techniques at Iraq’s power plants. Upon com-
pletion of this program in May, the overall operating standards, safety stan-
dards, and the reliability of plant output should be improved.
April 7, 2005
• By October, 2003, rehabilitated
electric power capacity to pro-
duce peak capacity greater
than the pre-war level of 4,400
MW. Production reached
5,365 MW on August 18, 2004.
• Since achieving record power
production in Summer ‘04, the
Ministry of Electricity—with as-
sistance from USAID—has be-
gun the standard Fall mainte-
nance process which will neces-
sarily reduce the amount of
power available for consump-
tion. USAID worked with the
MOE to conduct last Fall’s
maintenance program.
• Repairing thermal units, replac-
ing turbines, rehabilitating the
power distribution network, and
installing and restoring genera-
tors.
• USAID has added 600 MW of
capacity through maintenance
and rehabilitation work, and also
repaired a 400 KV transmission
line.
• USAID and the Ministry of Elec-
tricity are working with partners
to add a total of more than 792
MW to the national grid by De-
cember 2005 through mainte-
nance, rehabilitation, and new
generation projects.
• USAID completed a project to
convert two units that produce
80 MW each to operate on
crude/heavy fuel oil instead of
diesel which is in short supply.
• USAID initiated a project to re-
habilitate 13 existing substa-
tions and construct 24 new sub-
stations in Baghdad. These 37
substations will improve the
distribution and reliability of
electricity for more than two
million Baghdad resi-
dents. USAID recently handed
over work on 12 of these sub-
stations to the Ministry of Elec-
tricity.
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 2

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS
TO DATE
WATER AND SANITATION
USAID’s goal is to improve the efficiency and reliability of existing water and
wastewater treatment facilities, especially those in the south where water
quantity and quality are particularly low. An anticipated 11.8 million Iraqis will
benefit from USAID’s $600 million in water and sanitation projects.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
To ameliorate water shortages in
Baghdad, a new water treatment plant
will be designed and constructed to
increase the quantity and quality of
potable water to a poor area of east-
ern Baghdad. Work in progress includes
surveying and geotechnical testing for
the raw water, treated water, and sludge
pipelines. The project is about 12% com-
plete and is expected to be finished by
March 2006.
The goal of this project is to increase the
quantity and quality of potable water to
Sadr City and surrounding areas of east-
ern Baghdad. The scope of work for the
project calls for the construction of a
modern 20 million gallons of water per day
(MGD) plant. Extensive Operations and
Maintenance training will be provided to
the plant’s staff as a part of this project.
The expansion of the Sharkh Dijlah water treatment plant will add 50
MGD to the city’s supply of potable water. USAID accepted responsibility
for the completion of the plant expansion and work is now 90% complete. Cur-
rently, installation of the clarifier tanks continues, including dewatering and
roadway and walkway repairs. The project is expected to be completed by
May.
Work is moving forward on improvements to the sewage system in Kad-
hamiya, a northern suburb of Baghdad. The 1.5 million residents fre-
quently endure flooding of raw sewage into their streets and homes increasing
public health risks from water-borne diseases. The overflows occur because
of inadequate or blocked sewer lines, and because inoperable pump stations
cannot convey sewage from homes and mains to sewage treatment plants.
This project is designed to clean, repair, replace, and expand sewer lines and
sewage collection system equipment to improve performance. The project will
consist of clearing and repairing sewer lines and rehabilitating the vertical
pump lift station.
Upon completion, Kadhamiya’s sewage collection system will lift and convey
sewage flows to Kerkh Wastewater Treatment Plant, eliminating flooding and
pooling of raw sewage.
April 7, 2005
• Nationwide: Repaired various
sewage lift stations and water
treatment units.
• Baghdad: Expanding and reha-
bilitating one water treatment
plant and constructing another
to increase capacity by approxi-
mately 120 million gallons per
day; rehabilitating sewage treat-
ment plants.
− A major wastewater treatment
plant in Baghdad began operat-
ing in June of 2004; this is the
first major sewage plant in the
country to operate in over 12
years.
− The sewage treatment system
in Baghdad, barely functioning
for years before the conflict, will
be restored to almost 100-
percent capacity, serving 80
percent of Baghdad’s popula-
tion.
− Standby generators are being
installed at 41 Baghdad water
facilities.
• South: Rehabilitated parts of
the Sweet Water Canal system,
including repairing breaches,
cleaning the main reservoir, and
refurbished 14 water treatment
plants around Basrah serving
1.75 million people.
• South Central: Rehabilitating
two water plants and four sew-
age plants.
− Completed the rehabilitation of
a sewage plant in Babil Gover-
norate.
− Sewage plants in An Najaf, Al
Qadisiyah, Karbala, and Babil
Governorates will serve 440,000
upon completion.
− Water treatment in Najaf and
Babil will serve residents and
visitors at Iraq’s holiest shrines.
• North: Completed rehabilitation
of Kirkuk water plant and con-
tinuing refurbishment of sewage
plant near Mosul.
Surveying and geotechnical testing for
the raw water, treated water, and
sludge pipelines
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 3

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS
TO DATE
ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE
USAID supports sustainable economic reforms in Iraq including examining
and reforming laws, regulations, and institutions and providing a framework for
private sector trade, commerce, and investment. The reforms will strengthen
the Central Bank and the Ministries of Finance, Trade, Commerce and Indus-
try—among others.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
Officers from the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) recently participated in a se-
ries of training courses supported by USAID’s Iraq Economic Govern-
ance II (IEG II) program. IEG II advisors work with the CBI to improve its
ability to conduct sound macroeconomic policy and supervise banking within
the country. CBI staff members and division representatives, including 34
women attended two two-week training courses in accounting and interna-
tional accounting standards. IEG II advisors completed a software prototype
for direct deposits and began a survey of banks to identify systems used and
potential for connectivity.
IEG II advisors recently began drafting a comprehensive training pro-
gram to strengthen regulators’ technical skills in collaboration with the
State Department’s Iraq Reconstruction Management Office (IRMO). Ad-
visors also completed a report on a reorganization strategy for the Iraq Tele-
phone and Postal Company.
Fourteen officials from the Ministry of Electricity (MOE) took part in a
one-week electricity capacity workshop in Amman, Jordan. USAID’s IEG
II program supported the workshop as part of their mission to build the local’s
capacity to modernize and regulate utilities. Participants discussed ways to
include the private sector, metering, billing, financial systems, and regulation.
The workshop helped participants identify necessary changes and acknowl-
edge a need for increased cooperation with government and private sector
counterparts. IEG II staff requested information from meter manufacturers re-
garding product deployment and are organizing study tours for MOE staff to
observe new systems in the field. Finally, program staff submitted a paper on
Future Metering Technology to the MOE.
Recently, USAID’s Volunteers for Economic Growth Alliance (VEGA)
awarded thirty-five small grants to selected members of an Iraqi cham-
ber of commerce to attend a construction trade show in the United
States. VEGA activities will be implemented in cooperation with business
centers in major cities throughout Iraq.
April 7, 2005
• Developed WTO Accession
Roadmap in cooperation with
Iraqi officials.
• Provided technical assistance
as well as information on con-
tracting opportunities for Iraqi
businesses and entrepreneurs
through business centers.
• Worked with the Ministry of Fi-
nance to introduce the new Iraqi
dinar.
• Created more than 77,000 pub-
lic works jobs through the Na-
tional Employment Program.
• Provided technical assistance
on accounting, budgeting and
lending activities at Iraq’s com-
mercial banks. Trained 116
bankers from the Rafidain and
Rasheed banks in six training
courses.
• Assisted in management of $21
million micro-credit program.
• Improved statistical analysis,
monetary policymaking, and
bank supervision procedures at
Iraq’s Central Bank; offered a
two-week banking course to
Central Bank staff with the Fed-
eral Reserve Bank of New York.
• Evaluated and updated com-
mercial laws on private sector
and foreign investment.
• Assisted in developing the five
percent reconstruction levy on
imports; built capacity of cus-
toms officials to implement levy.
• Developed a government-wide
IT strategy to support the auto-
mation of planning, budgeting
and reporting processes across
ministries.
• Provided technical support for
the re-opening of the Iraq Stock
Exchange after it was closed
down for more than 15 months;
3.6 billion Iraqi dinars ($2.4 mil-
lion USD) in shares were traded
in the first day.
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 4

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS
TO DATE
• Summer and Winter Crop
Technology Demonstrations:
These demonstrations are intro-
ducing farmers to new technolo-
gies and techniques through
extension field days.
• Animal Health: Several veteri-
nary clinics in Kirkuk, Fallujah,
and other cities are being reno-
vated and a grant has been
made for dipping tanks to im-
prove sheep health and wool.
• Technology Support: The Min-
istry of Agriculture and a major
university’s schools of Agricul-
ture and Veterinary Science
have been awarded grants to
furnish and equip computer
centers, improving research
capabilities and consulting ca-
pacity.
• Date Palm Propagation: In
collaboration with the Ministry of
Agriculture, 40,000 elite date
palm offshoots are being used
to establish mother orchards in
13 governorates as part of a
multiplication program and the
establishment of a national reg-
ister of elite varieties.
• Agriculture Sector Transition
Plan: This plan, completed in
mid-April, addresses the short-
term recovery of agricultural
infrastructure as well as medium
and long-term implementation of
policies to develop a market-
based agricultural economy.
The Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) began planting trees
on 110 hectares of land in Arbil governorate to restore
biodiversity destroyed by burning and over-harvesting.
AGRICULTURE
USAID’s goals are to work in conjunction with Iraqi ministries, the private sec-
tor, and higher education institutions to revitalize agricultural production,
stimulate income and employment generation, nurture rural initiatives, and
rehabilitate the natural resource base.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
The Ministry of Agricul-
ture (MOA) and the Gen-
eral Directorate of Horti-
culture, Forestry and
Rangelands began re-
foresting areas which
were either burned by
central government ar-
mies in the 1990s or
over-harvested by resi-
dents for fuel wood.
The 1,100 donums of land
(1 hectare = 10 donums)
replanted in eight sub-
districts in Arbil are part of
USAID’s Agricultural Re-
construction and Development for Iraq (ARDI) program. In the past few years,
the MOA has been implementing a reforestation program in the affected areas
to restore the biodiversity of the region. Under this program, the General Di-
rectorate of Horticulture, Forestry and Rangelands has developed the capabil-
ity to produce large quantities of tree seedlings for planting. They have also
supported a policy that outlaws the destruction of newly planted trees and
have deployed forestry guards to enforce this policy. ARDI will provide needed
tools, transport and labor to the MOA to plant seedlings in Arbil and Dahuk.
Almost 500 temporary jobs will be created for local laborers.
Through grants awarded by USAID’s ARDI program, two agricultural me-
dia centers in Arbil and As Sulaymaniyah governorates now have the
equipment they need to serve Iraqis involved in agricultural work. Media
centers serve as the publicity arm of the MOA Agricultural Research and Ex-
tension Centers. The centers produce reference and training materials for
farmers, and publications and reports for the General Directorate of Research
and Extension. Unfortunately, under the previous regime, these centers were
neglected and suffered from a lack of available equipment. Media centers
equipped with modern technologies will be able to support the training and
information distribution efforts of the Extension Centers. This will lead to im-
proved agricultural production as more farmers are able to obtain information
on improved agricultural methods and technologies.
The equipment includes video cameras, audio/video mixers, television moni-
tors, digital cameras, projectors, memory cards, printers, microphones, and
computers. Since receiving the equipment, the center has produced numer-
ous publications including posters, instructional pamphlets, and agricultural
calendars. It has also produced a television program for local broadcast that
details the process of sheep vaccination and informs farmers where vaccines
can be obtained.
April 7, 2005
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 5

EDUCATION
April 7, 2005
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS
TO DATE
• Facilities
− Awarded 627 grants worth more
than $6 million to rehabilitate
schools and equip Directorates
General.
− Rehabilitated 2,405 schools
countrywide.
• Supplies
− Distributed desks, chairs, cabi-
nets, chalkboards, and kits for
primary and secondary schools
countrywide.
− Printed and distributed 8.7 mil-
lion revised math and science
textbooks to grades 1-12 by
mid-February 2004.
• Institutional Strengthening
− Completed a major initiative that
trained nearly 33,000 secondary
school teachers and administra-
tors, including 860 master train-
ers, nationwide.
− Conducted a pilot accelerated
learning program in five Iraqi
cities to allow out-of-school chil-
dren to complete two school
years in one year. More than
550 students participated.
− Assisted the Ministry in estab-
lishing official baseline educa-
tion data for Iraq.
• Higher Education
− Awarded five grants worth $20.7
million to create partnerships
between 10 Iraqi universities
and U.S. counterparts in the
Higher Education and Develop-
ment (HEAD) program.
− The HEAD program has pro-
vided training opportunities for
approximately 1,000 Iraqi fac-
ulty and students, awarded
more than 75 mini-grants, and
supported a dozen graduate
students in full-time study.
− HEAD is helping Iraqi universi-
ties rebuild and re-equip facili-
ties; send students and profes-
sors to international confer-
ences; and reform curricula.
USAID’s goals are to increase enrollment, improve primary and secondary
education, ensure classrooms have sufficient supplies, facilitate community
involvement, train teachers, implement accelerated learning programs, and
establish partnerships between U.S. and Iraqi colleges and universities.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
Law students from a university in As Sulaymaniyah Governorate partici-
pated in the Jessup International Moot Court Competition in Washing-
ton, D.C. at the end of March. USAID’S Higher Education and Development
(HEAD) program and the US State Department are supporting the students in
attending this conference.
The four team members, three of whom are women, were chosen from the
law school’s top 25 students. They have been preparing for months, studying
international law, preparing briefs, and practicing in moot court classrooms.
This project emphasizes practical knowledge, courtroom experience, and ethi-
cal practices, so that students leave college prepared to help rebuild Iraq’s
legal system.
President Bush welcomed the Iraqi law students to the White House Tuesday,
March 29th, and later in the week the students visited the U.S. Supreme
Court. The Jessup conference weekend includes lectures and panel discus-
sions on topics such as human rights in times of war and gender issues in
post-conflict societies.
The Jessup conference is an opportunity for Iraqi students to re-integrate with
the international legal community, demonstrate the competence and spirit of
Iraqi students and universities who are succeeding in the face of so many
challenges, and share the invaluable experience and perspective that the Iraqi
people have in building democracy.
A total of 514,188 secondary school educational kits have arrived in 18
governorate warehouses thanks to support from USAID. The remaining
10,812 kits will be delivered to the northern governorates and Baghdad direc-
torates in the following weeks. The kits are delivered in a school bag em-
bossed with the emblem of the Ministry of Education and include supplies
such as pencils, erasers, notebooks, protractors, and rulers. From the gover-
norate warehouses, kits are delivered to schools. The project is half-way
complete, with 291,069 kits delivered so far to 1,307 schools.
Iraqi student response to the kits has been enthusiastic. With her kit in hand,
an Iraqi high school girl said, “this step makes us feel that there are people
who care for the Iraqi student...they provide necessary needs like pencils and
copybooks. We pray to Allah to bless you.”
Recent obstacles have been inhibiting the speedy delivery of the school kits.
A Baghdad warehouse holding 15,000 kits was unfortunately flooded with rain
water, damaging some kits and delaying distribution. Areas in Salah ad Din
and Anbar governorates are experiencing distribution delays due to security
concerns.
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 6

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS
TO DATE
LOCAL GOVERNANCE
USAID’s Local Governance Program (LGP) goals include promoting represen-
tative citizen participation in governance; strengthening the management skills
of city and provincial administrations and civic institutions; promoting advo-
cacy and participation of civil society organizations; enhancing leadership
skills; and serving as a recruiting tool for future leaders.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
A two-day workshop on the utilization of a CSO assessment tool was
held in mid-March at the Baghdad Civil Society Resource Center with the
support of the Iraq Civil Society and Media Support Program (ICSP). At
the workshop, 16 participants reviewed the CSO assessment tool, made sug-
gestions for revision, and began planning for its use. Further workshops will
be held in three other regions. The project’s staff will provide monitoring and
evaluation training at each location, further developing each center’s capacity
for using the assessment tool.
Armed with the most recent draft of a Grants Manual, the ICSP grants
manager visited the Basrah Civil Society Resource Center to conduct an
orientation seminar for 30 staff members to prepare them in launching
the region’s grants program. The workshop defined the mechanisms of
identifying relevant grantees and offered instructions in writing proposals.
These workshops will also be offered for the staff at the other three centers.
Fourteen Iraqi women representing eight political parties and three inde-
pendent parties were recently selected to attend a weeklong training
session that focused on media communications and fundraising. The
training provided participants with specific campaign skills they could use to
help solidify their position within their parties and advance their ideological
agendas. Additional sessions at the training dealt with targeting the vote, get-
ting the vote out on Election Day and tools for building a political party.
In early March, 25 female reporters attended a two day seminar to help
them develop stories and to encourage them to follow developments in
the new constitution. The workshop was conducted under the ICSP geared
to orient journalists and broadcasters in covering civil society issues. A signifi-
cant portion of media workshops being conducted under this program focus
on training female journalists in the Baghdad media.
April 7, 2005
• Established regional offices in
Al Basrah, Al Hillah, Baghdad,
and Mosul and operations in all
governorates.
• Awarded $15.5 million in rapid-
response grants in the first pro-
gram year to strengthen the
capacity of municipal authorities
to deliver core municipal ser-
vices. The grants were used to
restore services in agriculture,
education, health, electricity,
sanitation, and water.
• Facilitated the establishment
and refreshment of 16 gover-
norate councils, 90 district coun-
cils, 194 city or sub-district
councils, and 445 neighborhood
councils.
• Organized and facilitated nu-
merous selection processes for
governors and mayors, as well
as local council members,
throughout Iraq.
• Committed more than $2.4 mil-
lion for the nationwide Civic
Education Campaign, which
educates Iraqis on democracy
and Iraq’s political situation.
More than 28,500 democracy
dialogues have been conducted
to date.
• Supported preparation of 2004
city council budgets in Baghdad,
Mosul, Al Hillah, Babil, and An
Najaf.
• Supporting a series of National
Agenda Dialogue Conferences,
which engage stakeholders
such as academics, journalists,
women, tribal leaders, and local
government officials in discus-
sions on their roles in Iraq’s
emerging democracy.
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 7

PROGRAM OBJECTIVES
• Strengthen the capacity of the
legislative branch of the Iraqi
interim and transitional govern-
ments and its staff during the
interim and transition period to
include lawmaking, representa-
tion, executive oversight, and
other responsibilities as pro-
vided by the Transitional Admin-
istrative Law (TAL)
• Assist the Executive Authority,
the Presidency Council, and the
Council of Ministers and its pre-
siding Prime Minister to develop
governing processes, rules of
procedure, regulations and di-
rectives necessary to enforce
the laws, and to implement gov-
ernment programs and policies
• Support the process for adop-
tion of an Iraqi constitution that
promotes democratic principles
and values through the provi-
sion of technical assistance that
includes, but is not limited to,
providing comparative constitu-
tional expertise; organizing con-
stitutional conferences and con-
ventions; facilitating public
awareness, education, and par-
ticipation; and assisting in the
conduct of a national referen-
dum or other ratifying mecha-
nism.
NATIONAL GOVERNANCE
In the post-election period, USAID will continue to plan and implement a vari-
ety of programs matching the needs of the evolving Iraqi democracy, under-
taken in full partnership with Iraqi counterparts. In particular USAID is accel-
erating activities in the national governance support area to ensure compre-
hensive continued support to the Iraqi democratic transition.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
In mid-March, the Iraq Civil
Society and Media Support
Program (ICSP) and the Iraq
Foundation, a U.S. NGO, fa-
cilitated a week-long na-
tional conference on gender
issues in civil society. The
conference, dubbed the
“Convention to End all Forms
of Discrimination against
Women,” was facilitated by a
visiting gender specialist from
Egypt. During the conference,
the specialist and ICSP gender
department staff guided 30
participants from several
women’s Civil Society Organizations (CSO) as they examined existing laws
that protect women’s rights in policy decision making. The intent of the work-
shop was to mobilize women’s groups to expand their participation in the
drafting of the new Iraqi constitution.
As Iraq’s political parties debate the composition of a new government,
USAID’s partners organized consultation meetings with representatives
of political entities from the Transitional National Assembly (TNA) to dis-
cuss their views on the constitution and to present a profile of the type
of assistance USAID partners can provide. The meetings included consul-
tations between the partners’ staff and senior United Iraqi Alliance officials
who are members of the TNA and their parties’ designated Constitutional
Committee representatives. The UIA group also included an advisor to Grand
Ayatollah Sistani. The officials discussed their parties’ positions on the role of
Islam in the constitution, the rights of women, the concept of federalism, and
the timeline for completion of the public draft of the constitution. The meetings
were the first step toward developing a comprehensive plan of assistance for
the drafting process. It was stressed throughout the meetings that this assis-
tance would be provided at the request of the parties, and in support of Iraqi
sovereignty. A constitutional expert was invited to present information on the
processes and structures of constitutions to the representatives.
April 7, 2005
Thirty Iraqi women participated in the week
long conference.
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 8

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS
TO DATE
COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAM
The Community Action Program (CAP) works in rural and urban communities
to promote democracy and prevent and mitigate conflict. Working directly
through partner NGOs and in consultation with local government representa-
tives, USAID is creating representative, participatory community groups to
identify critical priorities and implement programs to address those needs.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
Official surveys showed that hundreds of homes were damaged as a re-
sult of combat in and around Baghdad. While many can be salvaged, oth-
ers were damaged beyond repair. Baghdad Community Action Groups re-
cently informed the Community Action Program (CAP) that addressing the
need to repair homes damaged by the war was a high priority. Therefore, a
large portion of the funding for CAP’s Assistance to Civilian Victims of the
Conflict initiative was allocated for home repairs and the provision of supplies.
In many cases one or more family members were killed when the house was
damaged. Some of the homeless families stayed with neighbors or relatives or
lived in make-shift tents and shacks alongside the damaged buildings. Some
were still residing in the damaged and unsafe houses exposing themselves to
the danger of collapse. The amount of aid varied from case to case, depend-
ing on the extent of the damage, family needs, and the number of beneficiar-
ies involved. For many of these families, the renovation provided shelter and
at least some small solace. CAP’s implementing partner in Baghdad has as-
sisted 65 families and plans to rehabilitate a total of 100 homes.
April 7, 2005
• USAID has committed over $129
million to 2,844 projects while
Iraqi communities have committed
more than 25% of total funding.
CAP has established over 670
community action groups (CAGs)
in 17 governorates. Five U.S.
NGOs each concentrate on a
region: north, Baghdad, south-
west central, southeast central,
and south.
• The northern program focuses on
the conflict prone areas of the
Sunni Triangle, Mosul, Kirkuk and
the Iran-Iraq border. The partner
NGO has completed 354 projects
with over $18 million in project
commitments including improving
the Tikrit water supply, and devel-
oping income generation projects
in the north.
• In the southwest central region,
the partner NGO has established
a strong presence in Hillah and
the Shi’a holy cities Najaf and
Karbala. Emphasis on critical
infrastructure needs has improved
community water/sanitation ser-
vices and schools, and repaired
vital social infrastructure. They
have completed 296 projects and
have over $21.3 million in project
commitments.
• Income generation is an important
emphasis in the Baghdad pro-
gram where 495 projects have
been completed through CAGs. A
marketplace for over 700 vendors
is being constructed, and crews
are cleaning up medical waste
dumps. Total project commit-
ments are $21.8 million.
• In the southeast central region,
179 projects are complete with a
total of $16.7 million in commit-
ments. In the Shi’i heartland,
these projects address needs
resulting from decades of govern-
ment neglect and focus on water,
sewerage, community clean-up,
and school rehabilitation.
• The southern program has com-
pleted 595 projects through 138
CAGs which average 40%
women’s participation. Projects
have focused on immediate com-
munity needs such as sewage
clean up, water treatment and
distribution, public health, and
girls’ access to education. Total
commitments are $21.2 million.
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 9

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS TO
DATE
• Awarded more than 3,186 small
grants totaling more than
$258.7 million for quick impact
activities that support good gov-
ernance, civil society, conflict
management and mitigation,
human rights and transitional
justice.
• Funded over 107 grants totaling
$3.8 million that focus on
women’s issues, including sup-
porting the establishment of 24
women’s centers in Iraq. Reha-
bilitated over 264 Iraqi national
ministries, schools, clinics and
other municipal buildings. Sup-
porting 65 Iraqi groups in docu-
menting human rights abuses of
the Ba’athist regime and pro-
moting peace, tolerance, and
reconciliation.
• Met critical needs during and
immediately after the conflict by
providing short-term employ-
ment, restoring basic govern-
ment and community services,
increasing Iraqi access to infor-
mation and communication and
encouraging protection of hu-
man rights.
TRANSITION INITIATIVES
USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) supports the transition to a par-
ticipatory, stable, and democratic country. OTI provides quick-dispensing,
high-impact grants meeting critical needs—providing short-term employment,
restoring basic government and community services, increasing access to in-
formation and communication, and encouraging protection of human rights.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
A weightlifting club in central Iraq established an administration office
with the support of an Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI) grant. In combination
with funds from other donors, the grant provided furniture, computers and
other supplies. The club will now provide a fully-functional recreational facility
to the young men in the area. Like many sports in Iraq, weightlifting is resum-
ing a sense of normalcy. In July, a weightlifting gym in Baghdad held the first
body building competition since the hostilities began in April 2003. One of the
champions said, “If young men spend as much time training as I do, then
they’re not going to be outside getting themselves in trouble.” Recreational
facilities, like the weightlifting club in central Iraq, provide youth with alterna-
tives to violence.
A cultural center in northern Iraq conducted democracy workshops in
four sub-districts through an ITI grant. The grant supported mobile teams
that promote an understanding of the democratic process and principles of
human rights in remote communities particularly vulnerable to extremist move-
ments. As a result of the workshops’ emphasis on nonviolent conflict resolu-
tion, the grant is strengthening Iraq’s political transition and enhancing respect
for institutions that protect human rights.
A non-governmental organization in Northern Iraq organized a confer-
ence on the role of students within a democratic Iraq. ITI supported the
operational costs of the three-day conference that helped to build student ad-
vocacy skills and strengthen confidence in young people’s ability to effectively
participate in Iraq’s political transition. The conference participants will pro-
duce a paper that encompasses the outcomes of their discussions for dis-
semination through university and local newspapers. Student representatives
will hold subsequent workshops at their respective universities to discuss fol-
low-up activities.
The local government of a city in northern Iraq procured essential equip-
ment and supplies for their main government building through an ITI
grant. The newly equipped government office now provides a suitable central
location where citizens can voice their concerns and council members and
staff may hold sub-committee meetings, helping the provincial council and the
mayor to meet the growing needs of city residents and establish new and ef-
fective structures for local governance that demonstrate transparency, democ-
racy, and accountability.
A chess hall in central Iraq revitalized its facilities by procuring furniture
and equipment through an ITI grant. The refurbished hall has increased the
number of recreational opportunities available to area residents and revital-
ized a culture of games, encouraging positive competition among residents.
By increasing opportunities for participation in social activities, the chess hall
is helping return a sense of normalcy to the area.
April 7, 2005
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 10

MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS TO
DATE
• Rehabilitated 105 water treat-
ment units and 396 kilometers
of water networks to ensure the
provision of potable water in
critical areas.
• Rehabilitated 72 health facilities
and re-equipped 238 to improve
the quality of health care.
• Vaccinated over 3,000 women
and children against measles.
• Registered internally displaced
persons and provided them with
water, blankets, medical kits,
and hygiene kits.
• Rehabilitated a water treatment
plant in a poor area of Baghdad.
The rehab is benefiting 1 million
residents.
USAID distributed livelihood asset packages to
172 Kurdish internally displaced persons. The
displaced persons fled insurgents in Fallujah
and face difficult conditions along a river bank
in Northern Iraq.
DISASTER ASSISTANCE
In the first year of programming, USAID’s humanitarian assistance focused on
emergency interventions to prevent food and water shortages and provide
adequate shelter and medical supplies throughout Iraq. USAID is now direct-
ing humanitarian assistance efforts through the Office of Foreign Disaster As-
sistance (OFDA) to specifically target Iraq’s internally displaced people (IDP),
primarily in northern Iraq, but also in two southern governorates.
HIGHLIGHTS THIS WEEK
Kurdish internally displaced
persons (IDPs) living in deeply
impoverished conditions along
the banks of the Sirwan River
received livelihood assets
packages of basic living essen-
tials. The former regime had
moved these 26 families into Fal-
lujah in 1982. During the recent
fighting there, the families were
run out of their homes by insur-
gents. Suspected of being Coali-
tion sympathizers, they feared
being insurgent targets; collec-
tively, they decided to move to
their current location. For these
families, safety had its sacrifice.
The living conditions were miser-
able; they lacked basic services,
household assets, and income opportunities.
A USAID partner helped improve living conditions by delivering 26 livelihood
assets packages to the IDPs. The USAID partner estimates that over 1,100
vulnerable families in As Sulaymaniyah and Diyala’ governorates will receive
a livelihood assets package in the next month. In February, over 6,000 IDP
families received livelihood assets packages. The distributed items will pro-
vide these destitute families with minimum household assets and help im-
prove their temporary living conditions.
In As Sulaymaniyah Governorate, a USAID partner trained NGO workers
in methods to involve residents when planning and implementing com-
munity mobilization projects. Workshop participants learned how to organ-
ize a town hall meeting with a participatory environment. They learned to in-
vite key players such as community leaders, minority groups, and women and
how to facilitate project selection among these players. The training empha-
sized the importance of utilizing traditional leadership structures to allow com-
munity development groups to build upon existing civic foundations. Finally,
the trainees learned to prioritize projects that benefit all of the key players.
The training is intended to build the capacity of project implementers so that
they ensure that projects build upon and enhance existing local civic struc-
tures, selected projects are of the highest quality and the community feels
ownership of the project.
April 7, 2005
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 11

COMPLETED ACTIVITES
Since the cessation of the 2003 conflict, USAID has completed their planned work at Umm Qasr Seaport, re-
stored significant portions of Iraq’s telecommunications network, rebuilt three major bridges and restored the
rail line connecting Umm Qasr with Basra city and points north. USAID also helped avert a humanitarian cri-
sis during the conflict by providing assistance to the United Nations’ World Food Program. USAID advisors
continue to assist with the management and distribution of food rations for all Iraqi citizens.
SEAPORTS
• The $45 million program to rehabilitate and improve management at Umm Qasr seaport was completed in June 2004.
• Port reopened to commercial traffic on June 17, 2003; completed first passenger vessel test July 16.
• Up to 50 ships offload at the port every month.
• Completed dredging to open all 21 berths to deep-draft ships; maintenance dredging is ongoing.
• Applied port tariffs on June 20, 2003.
• Renovated the grain-receiving facility to process 600 MT of grain an hour.
• Renovated the administration building, passenger terminal, customs hall, and electrical substations.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
• Audited more than 1,200 km of the fiber optic backbone network and performed emergency repairs, reconnecting 20
cities and 70% of the population.
• Reconstituted Baghdad area phone service by installing switches with 240,000 lines at 12 sites.
• Installed and fully integrated 13 new switches with 14 existing switches.
• Worked with the Ministry of Communications to reactivate more than 215,000 subscriber lines.
• Installed a satellite gateway system at Baghdad’s largest telecom exchange and restored international service.
• Trained telecom engineers and technicians in the operation and maintenance of the satellite gateway system and the
new switches.
BRIDGES AND ROADS
• Rebuilt three major bridges—Khazir, Tikrit and Al Mat bridges—critical for the movement of people and commercial
products throughout the country.
• Rebuilt a substantial portion of the Iraqi Republican Railway line connecting Basrah with the port of Umm Qasr includ-
ing physical track construction, installing culverts, and repairing gatehouses. The remainder of the work has been
handed over to the Ministry of Transportation. This work facilitates the shipment of bulk cargo from the port to Bagh-
dad and throughout the country.
FOOD SECURITY
• Worked directly with the World Food Program (WFP) and Coalition Forces to re-establish the Public Distribution Sys-
tem in less than 30 days, avoiding a humanitarian food crisis and providing food security throughout the country.
• With Iraqi food distributors, Food for Peace, the WFP, and Coalition Forces maintained deliveries from June through
December 2003 in all 18 governorates.
• Played a key role in an agreement between the WFP, CPA, and the MoT that provided the WFP with the resources
and authority to continue to support the PDS through June 2004.
• In partnership with the United States Embassy in Iraq, providing on-going support to the Public Distribution System
Working Group to assist the Ministry of Trade with improving PDS management.
April 7, 2005
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 12

FINANCIAL SUMMARY
April 7, 2005
FY 2003-2005*
Implementing
Partner
Sector Regions Obligation
Reconstruction
USAID/ANE Subtotal: $3,869,775,800
Abt Associates Health Countrywide $23,031,886
AFCAP Logistics Countrywide $91,500,000
Army Corps of
Engineers
Architecture and Engineering Services Countrywide $30,842,037
BearingPoint Economic Governance Countrywide $79,583,885
BearingPoint Economic Governance II Countrywide $103,500,000
Louis Berger Group Vocational Education Countrywide $75,016,115
Louis Berger Group Private Sector Development II Countrywide $60,000,000
Bechtel National Airports, buildings, emergency communications,
power, railroads, roads and bridges, Umm Qasr
seaport, water and sanitation
Countrywide $1,029,833,259
Bechtel National Infrastructure II: Airports, buildings, emergency
communications, power, railroads, roads and
bridges, Umm Qasr seaport, water and sanita-
tion, Basra Hospital
Countrywide $1,386,809,782
Community Action
Program
Development in impoverished communities Countrywide $168,820,000
DAI Marshlands Dhi Qar
Al Basr
Maysan
$4,000,000
DAI Agriculture Countrywide $101,352,912
Fed Source Personnel Support Countrywide $300,000
IRG Reconstruction Support Countrywide $51,698,152
RTI Local Governance Countrywide $236,911,000
America's Develop-
ment Foundation
Civil Society Countrywide $42,880,157
CAII Education Countrywide $56,503,000
CAII Education II Countrywide $51,809,000
CEPPS Iraq Governing Council Countrywide $675,000
CEPPS Transitional Government Countrywide $20,700,000
CEPPS Voter Education, Domestic Observation and Con-
flict Resolution
Countrywide $47,175,000
CEPPS Elections Administration Support Countrywide $40,000,000
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 13

FINANCIAL SUMMARY
April 7, 2005
FY 2003-2004
Implementing
Partner
Sector Regions Obligation
VFH Elections Support Countrywide $1,000,000
UNICEF Health, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $36,700,000
UNICEF Education Countrywide $19,600,000
UNESCO Textbook Printing & Distribution: Math & Science Countrywide $10,000,000
WHO Strengthen Health System Countrywide $10,000,000
Logenix Health North/Central $98,006
SSA Port Management Um Qasr $14,318,985
SkyLink Airport Management Baghdad,
Al Basrah, Mosul
$27,200,000
MSI Monitoring and Evaluation Countrywide $5,038,772
University
Partners
• The Research Foundation of the State University of New York/Stony Brook and the Universities
of Chicago, Boston and Oxford
• The Human Rights Institute, DePaul University College of Law and Italy’s International Institute
of Higher Studies in Criminal Sciences
• University of Hawaii, the International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas, University
of Jordan and the American University in Beirut
• Jackson State University, Tougaloo College, Alcorn State University, Mississippi Valley State
University, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Benetech, US-Iraq Business Resources
• University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University, Cameron University and Langston Univer-
sity
Countrywide $20,730,000
Yankee Group Telecoms Planning Countrywide $58,150
VEGA Business Skills Training Countrywide $12,089,702
UNDP Trust Fund Contribution Countrywide $5,000,000
World Bank Trust Fund Contribution Countrywide $5,000,000
Emergency Relief
USAID/DCHA/OFDA...................................................................................Subtotal: $157,615,822
Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $7,996,855
AirServ Logistics Countrywide $5,309,876
ARC Capacity Building Al Basrah $537,746
CARE IDP Assistance, Quick-impact projects, Water and Sanita-
tion, Health, Emergency Relief Commodities
Countrywide $9,043,148
The Cuny Center Research Studies Countrywide $40,260
GOAL Coordination, Nutrition Al Muthanna $1,507,900
InterAction Coordination Kuwait City $92,860
IDA Health Countrywide $1,318,437
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 14

FINANCIAL SUMMARY
April 7, 2005
FY 2003-2004
Implementing
Partner
Sector Regions Obligation
IMC Health, IDP Assistance, Food Security, Nutrition, Water and
Sanitation, Capacity Building
Countrywide $28,952,898
IOM IDP Assistance Countrywide $16,392,470
IRC IDP Assistance, Health, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $8,000,411
IRD IDP Assistance, Health, Water and Sanitation Northern Iraq $10,000,000
Logistics Emergency Relief Commodities and USAID/DART Support Countrywide $22,771,653
Mercy Corps IDP Assistance, Health, Emergency Relief Commodities,
Shelter, Water and Sanitation
Countrywide $20,199,786
SCF/US Food Security, Health, IDP Assistance, Shelter, Nutrition,
Emergency Relief Commodities, Water and Sanitation
Countrywide $7,957,783
UNICEF Health, Nutrition, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000
OCHA Coordination and Information Countrywide $1,200,000
USAID/Jordan Support for Emergency Water Activities Countrywide $500,000
WFP Food Security, Logistics Countrywide $5,000,000
World Vision Health, Logistics, Emergency Relief , Water and Sanitation Countrywide $6,793,739
USAID/DCHA/FFP.......................................................................................Subtotal: $425,571,000
WFP Operations Countrywide $45,000,000
WFP Emerson Trust—81,500 MT Countrywide $40,337,000
WFP P.L. 48– Title II emergency food commodities—163,820 MT Countrywide $140,234,000
WFP Regional Purchase—330,000MT Countrywide $200,000,000
USAID/DCHA/OTI........................................................................................Subtotal: $372,184,521
Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $10,227,056
IOM Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide $6,462,167
DAI Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide $344,500,376
Internews Media Countrywide $160,359
Radio SAWA Media Countrywide $400,000
NDI/IRI National Governance Countrywide $650,000
IFES National Governance Countrywide $1,042,315
ICNL Civil Society Countrywide $39,238
Spa War** Inter-Ministry Communications Countrywide $8,703,001
TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ FROM 2003-2005............................................................$4,825,147,143
* Figures in funding sheet are subject to change and do not represent a final official accounting of USG obligations.
** For accounting purposes, funding for this activity has been obligated by OFDA under an existing interagency agreement.
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ● IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE ● 15