IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION WEEKLY UPDATE
November 12, 2004
This report highlights overall accomplishments and weekly activities from
USAID’s reconstruction efforts in Iraq. For more information please visit
www.usaid.gov/iraq.
Contents:
Electricity ...................................................... 2
Water and Sanitation .................................... 3
Airports.......................................................... 4
Marshlands.................................................... 4
Agriculture..................................................... 5
Economic Governance................................. 6
Education.......................................................7
Health .............................................................8
Local Governance .........................................9
Humanitarian Assistance .............................10
Completed Activities.....................................11
Financial Summary .......................................12
USAID assists Iraqis in reconstructing their country by working with Iraq’s Interim Government.
Programs are implemented in coordination with the United Nations, country partners, nongovern-
mental organizations, and private sector partners. The USAID mission in Iraq carries out programs
in education, health care, food security, infrastructure reconstruction, airport management, economic
growth, community development, democracy and governance, and transition initiatives.
Photo: A wheat field in northern Iraq
USAID United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update Electricity
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
USAID’s goals include the emergency repair or rehabilitation of power genera-
tion facilities and electrical grids. Teams of engineers from the Ministry of
Electricity, USAID, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers have been working
since May of 2003 to restore capacity to Iraq’s power system.
• By October, 2003, reha-
bilitated electric power ca-
pacity to produce peak ca-
pacity greater than the pre-
war level of 4,400 MW. Now
producing daily peaks in
excess of 5,000 MW. Hit
• After setting post-conflict record electricity production levels in August, 2004, the
Ministry of Electricity, with assistance from USAID, began to remove generating
units from service to perform maintenance. For generating capacity to perform at nor-
mal levels of availability and efficiency, it is critical that maintenance be preformed
on an annual basis. Without this maintenance program, the units will not be available
to perform satisfactorily during the peak demand summer periods. It is common prac-
tice in all electrical systems for units to be removed from service for periods up to four
to six weeks every year. In Iraq, with the generating units still recovering from years
of neglected maintenance, these periods of maintenance are particularly critical.
◊ In Iraq, there are two periods which are suitable for unit maintenance; generally
these periods are in the Fall between October 1 and December 15 and in the Spring
between February 15 and May 1. The graph below shows how the available capac-
ity in Iraq has decreased reflecting in part generating capacity removed for the An-
nual Fall Maintenance Program.
Power Production since May -- Peak Production
Megawatts
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
05/01/2004
05/15/2004
05/29/2004
06/12/2004
06/26/2004
07/10/2004
07/24/2004
08/07/2004
08/21/2004
09/04/2004
09/18/2004
10/02/2004
10/16/2004
10/30/2004
Peak Production in Megaw atts Peak Production Seven Day Average
Power Production since May -- Megawatt/Hours
Megawatt/Hours
125000
115000
105000
95000
85000
75000
65000
55000
45000
05/01/2004
05/15/2004
05/29/2004
06/12/2004
06/26/2004
07/10/2004
07/24/2004
08/07/2004
08/21/2004
09/04/2004
09/18/2004
10/02/2004
10/16/2004
10/30/2004
Megaw att/Hours Mw /H Seven Day Average
5,365 MW on August 18,
2004.
• Since achieving record
power production in Sum-
mer ‘04, the Ministry of Elec-
tricity—with assistance from
USAID—has begun the
standard Fall maintenance
process which will necessar-
ily reduce the amount of
power available for con-
sumption. USAID worked
with the MOE to conduct last
Fall’s maintenance program.
• Repairing thermal units,
replacing turbines, rehabili-
tating the power distribution
network, and installing and
restoring generators.
• USAID has added 435
MW of capacity through
maintenance and rehabilita-
tion work, and also repaired
a 400 KV transmission line.
• USAID and the Ministry of
Electricity are working with
partners to add a total of
more than 1,281 MW to the
national grid by December
2005 through maintenance,
rehabilitation, and new gen-
eration projects.
• USAID completed a pro-
ject to convert two units that
produce 80 MW each to
operate on crude/heavy fuel
oil instead of diesel which is
imported and in short sup-
ply.
• Most recently, USAID has
initiated a project to rehabili-
tate 13 existing substations
and construct 24 new sub-
stations in Baghdad. These
37 substations will improve
the distribution and reliability
of electricity for more than
two million Baghdad resi-
dents.
* The sharp dip on September 14 represents a major transmission disruption due to sabotage to high voltage transmission system.
The system was quickly restored to normal production through the efforts of the Ministry of Electricity.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
2

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update Water and Sanitation
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
USAID’s goal is to improve the efficiency and reliability of existing water and
wastewater treatment facilities, especially those in the south where water quan-
tity and quality are particularly low. An anticipated 11.8 million Iraqis will
benefit from USAID’s $600 million in water and sanitation projects.
Highlights this week:
• Work is moving forward on USAID’s
rural water initiative. Since construc-
tion began last month, work has been
conducted on 21 wells in rural areas of
Diyala’ and Salah ad Din Gover-
norates. Eighteen of the 21 have been
drilled and six of those have been fully
developed. The wells will bring water
to rural communities with populations
of 1,000 to 5,000. Engineers and pro-
ject implementers are also preparing to
expand the initiative to other regions of
Workers perform an alignment test on a newly
drilled well in a rural community in central Iraq;
the well was drilled as part of USAID’s rural water
initiative
the country.
◊ Currently, there are approximately 4 million Iraqis living in regions where
water is scarce or non-existent. Various non-profit groups work to help the
smallest of these communities — typically populations of less than 1,000 —
to find and establish a source of water. However, many mid-sized communi-
ties with populations above 1,000 but below 5,000 are underserved. The ru-
ral water initiative will install approximately 150 wells in 300 rural commu-
nities. The project is scheduled for completion in all 17 governorates by Au-
gust 2005 and is expected to benefit a total of 750,000 individuals.
• Expansion of a water treatment plant in Baghdad is continuing and is sched-
uled for completion during the first part of 2005. Recently, a tie-in from the
reservoir to the filter has been completed and backfilled, sludge pump station
discharge piping has been installed, and backfilling has begun. Additionally,
an emergency generator has been moved into the generator building and a me-
dium voltage distribution board for the emergency generator has been installed.
The control station for the pump house has also been installed.
◊ The plant is one of two main water treatment plants that serve 4.7 million
Baghdad residents. Current production at the plant is estimated at 135 mil-
lion gallons per day. However, there is still a shortage in the city, mostly af-
fecting the poorer, eastern part of Baghdad including the Thawra neighbor-
hood, formerly called Sadr City. Work at the plant will increase potable wa-
ter flow to east Baghdad by 45 percent, benefiting 2.5 million people. The
expansion will add approximately 50 million gallons per day to
the water supply. This project currently employs 277 Iraqis.
• Nationwide: Repaired
various lift stations and
treatment units.
• Baghdad: Expanding one
water treatment plant to
increase capacity by ap-
proximately 50 million gal-
lons per day and rehabilitat-
ing sewage treatment
plants.
◊ A major wastewater
treatment plant in Baghdad
began partial operation in
June of 2004; this is the
first major sewage plant in
the country to operate in
over 12 years.
◊ The sewage treatment
system in Baghdad, barely
functioning for years before
the conflict, will be restored
to almost 100-percent ca-
pacity, serving 80 percent
of Baghdad’s population.
◊ Standby generators are
being installed at 41 Bagh-
dad water facilities.
• South: Rehabilitating
parts of the Sweet Water
Canal system, including
repairing breaches, clean-
ing the main reservoir, and
refurbishing 14 water treat-
ment plants around Basrah
serving 1.75 million people.
• South Central: Rehabili-
tating two water plants and
four sewage plants.
◊ Sewage plants in An
Najaf, Al Qadisiyah, Kar-
bala’, and Babil Gover-
norates will serve 440,000.
◊ Water treatment in Najaf
and Babil will serve resi-
dents and visitors at Iraq’s
holiest shrines.
• North: Rehabilitating two
water plants and one sew-
age plant near Mosul and
Kirkuk.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
3

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update
Airports
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
USAID’s goal is to provide material and personnel for the repair of airport facili-
ties, rehabilitate airport terminals, facilitate humanitarian and commercial
flights, and assist the Iraqi Airport Commission Authority.
• Work is now approximately 32% complete on the rehabilitation of Baghdad
International Airport’s (BIAP) electrical substation #1 which is the control
point for airstrip lighting on the commercial side of BIAP. Along with this
work, a 500 kw emergency generator is being supplied to ensure airstrip light-
ing is functional. Recent work has included installation of the emergency gen-
erator and its control panel.
◊ USAID’s work at Baghdad International Airport began in May 2003. Initial
work focused on emergency repairs, such as the installation of a 5MW gen-
erator, to allow the immediate re-opening of the airport by July 2003.
USAID also repaired the airport terminal and administration offices; in-
stalled communication systems; rehabilitated the customs offices; and re-
paired passenger support facilities. All work at the airport is expected to be
complete by the end of December 2004.
• Flights have been arriv-
ing and departing Baghdad
International Airport since
July 2003. BIAP is process-
ing an average of 45 non-
military arrivals and depar-
tures daily.
• Completed emergency
infrastructure work at BIAP
for civil air operations, in-
cluding repairing Terminal
C and administration offices
and installing VSAT com-
munications systems and
adding power generators.
• Completed work to pre-
pare Al Basrah International
Airport for commercial op-
erations, including installing
VSAT and radio communi-
cations; runway, taxiway,
and apron striping; and
installing baggage x-ray
units and a perimeter fence.
Work to rehabilitate the
water and wastewater treat-
ment facilities are almost
complete.
Marshlands
Major Accomplishments to
Date
In the 1990s, Iraq’s marshlands—one of the world’s largest wetland ecosystems—were
destroyed. Marshes were drained, biodiversity was compromised, and the local popu-
lation was displaced. USAID’s $4 million initiative works with local residents in sup-
port of marshland restoration and the social and economic development of marsh com-
munities.
• Marshland restoration
activities have included
surveys, pilot sites, flow and
marsh hydrology modeling,
and infrastructure needs
assessments.
Before the marshes were drained, the marsh economy was based
on agriculture, livestock, birding, mat-making, and fishing. Although
fishing was a primary economic livelihood for only a few low-status
tribes, subsistence fishing was practiced widely, and fish was a
major food item. USAID’s Marshlands program aims to rehabilitate
fish stocks to allow these practices to resume. Fish production in-
creases will be achieved by reflooding the largest possible area and
by keeping sluices open within flood control and agricultural con-
straints to maintain fish migration and spawning. Fishery diversity
and productivity will take years to return, but there are encouraging
signs that it can recover.
• Produced a technical
assessment in June 2003 in
collaboration with the Minis-
try of Water Resources and
the a major university.
• Implementing a strategy
for marsh restoration, which
includes ecosystem monitor-
ing, wetland reconstruction,
hydrologic and hydraulic
modeling, agribusiness,
fishing and aquaculture,
livestock and dairy produc-
tion, and primary healthcare.
• Improving capacity
through laboratory and GIS
development, study tours,
training, and formulation of a
strategy for international
donor assistance and par-
ticipation.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
4

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update Agriculture
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
USAID’s goals are to work in conjunction with Iraqi ministries, the private sec-
tor, and higher education institutions to revitalize agricultural production,
stimulate income and employment generation, nurture rural initiatives, and re-
habilitate the natural resource base.
• Summer and Winter Crop
Technology Demonstrations:
These demonstrations are
introducing farmers to new
technologies and techniques
through extension field days.
Highlights this week:
• Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) officials
and USAID’s Agriculture Reconstruc-
tion and Development Program for Iraq
(ARDI) are continuing implementation
of a national wheat production cam-
paign. Although wheat is the most im-
portant crop in the country, and is grown
by a majority of farmers, Iraq imports
large volumes of wheat yearly. Total
imports reach three million tons yearly,
mostly from Australia, which is distrib-
uted to Iraqis as part of their food ra-
A wheat field in northern Iraq; the ARDI program
works with Iraqi officials and farmers to increase
wheat yields and help reduce grain imports.
tions. The campaign aims to reduce im-
ports through more efficient domestic production and to increase employment and
incomes for farmers.
◊ Under the campaign, 1,500 tons of wheat seed has arrived in Mosul. ARDI pro-
cured the seed to assist the MOA to distribute high quality, certified seed to as
many farmers as possible. A total of 4000 tons will be delivered soon.
◊ ARDI and MOA officials in Arbil, Dahuk and As Sulaymaniyah have also
agreed to include wheat extension demonstrations as part of the 2004-2005 cam-
paign. ARDI will work with extension departments in each governorate to es-
tablish 48 demonstration sites. The purpose of the wheat extension demonstra-
tions is to show the advantages of application of proper amounts of fertilizer, the
use of seed drills, good seed, and application of herbicides.
• At the request of the MOA and ARDI, the International Maize and Wheat Im-
provement Center (CIMMYT) has supplied wheat germplasm to restart a maize
breeding program in Iraq. The program is managed by the Crop Sciences Depart-
ment of the State Board for Agricultural Research (SBAR). MOA/ARDI also pro-
cured several barley varieties for the SBAR breeding program. The germplasm
will help revitalize wheat and barley production in Iraq.
• The MOA and ARDI hosted a field day in southern Iraq to discuss with farmers a
package of new varieties of rice, fertilizers, and herbicides and their advantages
over traditional growing practices. More than 100 farmers, MOA staff, and staff
from a nearby university participated in the field day. The field day was an excel-
lent forum for farmers to provide feedback to MOA extension and research per-
sonnel on the demonstration and the applicability of the technology
package on average farms.
• Animal Health: Several
veterinary clinics in Kirkuk,
Fallujah, and other cities are
being renovated and a grant
has been made for dipping
tanks to improve sheep
health and wool.
• Technology Support: The
Ministry of Agriculture and a
major university’s schools of
Agriculture and Veterinary
Science have been awarded
grants to furnish and equip
computer centers, improving
research capabilities and
consulting capacity.
• Date Palm Propagation: In
collaboration with the Minis-
try of Agriculture, 40,000
elite date palm offshoots are
being used to establish
mother orchards in 13 gov-
ernorates as part of a multi-
plication program and the
establishment of a national
register of elite varieties.
• Agriculture Sector Transi-
tion Plan: This plan, com-
pleted in mid-April, ad-
dresses the short-term re-
covery of agricultural infra-
structure as well as medium
and long-term implementa-
tion of policies to develop a
market-based agricultural
economy.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
5

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update Economic Governance
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
USAID supports sustainable economic reforms in Iraq including examining and
reforming laws, regulations, and institutions and providing a framework for pri-
vate sector trade, commerce, and investment. The reforms will strengthen the
Central Bank and the Ministries of Finance, Trade, Commerce and Industry—
among others.
PSD II activities include:
◊ Restructuring and privatization
◊ Investment promotion
◊ Trade policy and market access
◊ Development of business management skills
◊ Capital markets development
◊ Small and medium business lending
◊ The Development of the Microfinance Industry
◊ MSME-focused policy and legal reform
Highlights this week:
• Iraqi government officials and pri-
vate sector representatives will
work closely with USAID and its
partners under the new Private Sec-
tor Development Initiative II (PSD
II) to promote employment genera-
tion and private sector growth in-
cluding the development of micro,
small and medium-sized enterprises
(MSME). PSD II will help build a flourishing private sector by establishing
regulations and licensing procedures that help to improve fair business prac-
tices and pave the way for increased flows of foreign investment and by ensur-
ing that growth and opportunities are extended to segments of Iraq’s population
that have historically had limited access to economic resources.
• USAID’s Local Governance Program (LGP) staff in northern Iraq, in conjunc-
tion with USAID’s partner, the Volunteers for Economic Growth Alliance
(VEGA), completed a two-day management training course for 18 staff mem-
bers from regional business centers in northern Iraq. The course focused on
improving conditions for small and medium-sized businesses, preparing them
to compete nationally, regionally, and globally. Training focused on marketing
plan development, basic business center management, the basics of accessing
capital, and human resources.
◊ The information provided during the courses gave the participants a more
practical look at what is cur-
rently needed to sustain their
business centers and allowed
them to examine realistic
ideas and objectives in their
mission to promote economic
development, job creation,
and income generation for
citizens throughout northern
Iraq.
Staff members from regional business
centers in northern Iraq participate in a
management training course.
• Worked with the Ministry
of Finance to introduce the
new Iraqi dinar.
• Created more than
77,000 public works jobs
through the National Em-
ployment Program.
• Provided technical assis-
tance on accounting, budg-
eting and lending activities
at Iraq’s commercial banks.
• Improved statistical analy-
sis, monetary policymaking,
and bank supervision proce-
dures at Iraq’s Central Bank.
• Provided technical assis-
tance for CPA’s $21 million
microcredit program.
• Provided technical assis-
tance for the Oil for Food
transition to prepare Iraqi
ministries to assume re-
sponsibility for OFF con-
tracts.
• Evaluated and updated
commercial laws on private
sector and foreign invest-
ment.
• Assisted in developing the
reconstruction levy in col-
laboration with the CPA and
the UK Customs Service;
this levy imposes a five
percent tariff on imports to
Iraq.
• Developed a government-
wide IT strategy to support
the automation of planning,
budgeting and reporting
processes across ministries.
• Provided technical assis-
tance as well as information
on contracting opportunities
for Iraqi businesses through
business centers.
• Provided technical sup-
port for the re-opening of the
Iraq Stock Exchange after it
was closed down for more
than 15 months; 3.6 billion
Iraqi dinars ($2.4 million
USD) in shares were traded
in the first day.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
6

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update Education
USAID’s goals are to increase enrollment, improve the quality of primary and
secondary education, ensure classrooms have sufficient supplies, facilitate com-
munity involvement, train teachers, implement accelerated learning programs,
and establish partnerships between U.S. and Iraqi colleges and universities.
Highlights this week:
• Fourteen faculty members from the agricultural department of a northern Iraqi uni-
versity completed a one month, intensive English program, with the support of the
University of Hawaii through USAID’s Higher Education and Development
(HEAD) program. English skills will allow the academics to participate in semi-
nars and conferences to better connect their work to the international community.
English training will also facilitate access to the most up-to-date, internationally
available technical information necessary for their research and teaching efforts.
• Three Iraqi university law schools partnered with DePaul University in the U.S. to
draft plans for the establishment of legal research centers. Following initial stud-
ies, it was determined that a university in Northern Iraq was the best site for a re-
search center in the near term. The first research center was established in Sep-
tember, and was provided with legal texts, computers with internet access for legal
research, and other equipment. The activity was supported by USAID’s HEAD
program.
◊ The center has already hosted a training workshop on “Ethics in the Legal Pro-
fession and its Effect on the Rule of Law” that was attended by 58 recent law
graduates, faculty members, judges, and scholars. Through future seminars and
research activities, it is anticipated the center will advance understanding of rule
of law concepts in the legal community in As Sulaymaniyah Governorate.
• Eighteen faculty members from colleges of agriculture at northern Iraqi universi-
ties are embarking on a study tour with the sponsorship of the University of Ha-
waii under the HEAD program. The study tour will provide opportunities for the
faculty members to undertake short-term “retooling” leaves at the University of
Hawaii, University of Jordan and other educational and research institutions where
they will upgrade their knowledge and skills through intensive activities in col-
laboration with peers. The tour will benefit the professional and scientific devel-
opment of the faculty members and, consequently, the participating university.
• A nine-kilometer fiber-optic network has been completed at a northern Iraqi uni-
versity, with the support of Jackson State University under USAID’s HEAD pro-
gram. The network provides internet and intranet access in several buildings on
campus. Preparations are underway for implementing Phase II of the project,
which will install networking equipment beyond the fiber-optic infrastructure, and
train four university engineers to maintain the network. This project—which will
benefit nearly 30,000 staff members, undergraduate students and postgraduate stu-
dents—supports the goal of recovery, retooling, and revitalizing the Iraqi univer-
sity. The objective is to re-establish the institutional viability of the
university through expansion of internet access.
USAID
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
• Facilities
◊ Awarded 627 grants
worth more than $6 million
to rehabilitate schools and
equip Directorates General.
◊ Rehabilitated 2,405
schools countrywide.
• Supplies
◊ Distributed desks, chairs,
cabinets, chalkboards, and
kits for primary and secon-
dary schools countrywide.
◊ Printed and distributed
8.7 million revised math and
science textbooks to grades
1-12 by mid-February 2004.
• Institutional
Strengthening
◊ Completed a major initia-
tive that trained nearly
33,000 secondary school
teachers and administrators,
including 860 master train-
ers, nationwide.
◊ Conducted a pilot acceler-
ated learning program in five
Iraqi cities to allow out-of-
school children to complete
two school years in one
year. More than 550 stu-
dents participated.
◊ Assisted the Ministry in
establishing official baseline
education data for Iraq.
• Higher Education
◊ Awarded five grants worth
$20.7 million to create part-
nerships between U.S. and
Iraqi universities. Through
these partnerships, Iraqi
universities are rebuilding
infrastructure; re-equipping
university facilities; partici-
pating in international con-
ferences; attending work-
shops and refresher
courses; and reforming cur-
riculum.
United States Agency for Inter-
national Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
7

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update Health
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
USAID’s goals include supporting a reformed Iraqi Ministry of Health, deliver-
ing essential health services, funding vaccines and high protein biscuits for
pregnant and nursing mothers and malnourished children, providing basic pri-
mary health care equipment and supplies, training and upgrading health staff,
providing health education and information, and identify the specific needs of
the health sector and of vulnerable populations such as women and children.
• Vaccinated over 3 million
children under five and
700,000 pregnant women
with vaccination campaigns
that included monthly immu-
nization days.
• Provided supplementary
doses of vitamin A for more
Highlights this week:
• After being forced to suspend activities due to security concerns, work has re-
sumed in recent weeks on equipping primary health care centers throughout
Iraq through USAID’s Health Systems Strengthening Program. Recently, 52
health care centers in At Tamim, As Sulaymaniya, and Arbil Governorates re-
ceived primary health care kits. The kits contain approximately 60 items of
basic medical equipment, office furniture, and laboratory equipment for im-
proved provision of essential health services. So far, 383 kits out of a target of
600 have been delivered to care centers across Iraq.
• Representatives of four Iraqi universities attended a one-week workshop on
child nutrition in Amman, Jordan. The workshop was designed to address the
child nutrition issues identified as most critical by the World Health Organiza-
tion. These issues include protein-energy malnutrition and deficiencies of vita-
min A, iodine, iron and zinc. At the request of the participants, sessions on vi-
tamin D, folic acid and selenium were also added to the program.
◊ Participants included seven pediatricians, one biochemist, and two commu-
nity health faculty members—all from their respective Colleges of Medicine.
At the suggestion of UNICEF, key scientists from Iraq’s national Nutrition
Research Institute (NRI) were also invited. Participants in the workshop
brought data about community health programs in Iraq and about research
they had conducted during the past few years. Participants identified health
problems affecting Iraqi children, including goiter, anemia and rickets.
• Crews are preparing the ground for a new pediatric teaching hospital in Basrah.
The hospital will provide health care facilities for inpatient and outpatient pedi-
atric care. The plans call for the children’s hospital to include approximately 50
patient beds, facilities for the training of medical personnel, facilities for outpa-
tient and inpatient surgeries, outpatient clinics, major diagnostic modalities,
provisions for future expansions and programs.
◊ The children’s hospital project is being implemented through a public-private
partnership between USAID and Project HOPE, an international NGO. Pro-
ject HOPE is providing medical equipment and staff training. Work on the
site is still in the early stages, with a projected completion date by the end of
next year. Construction activities will commence early next year.
The project currently employs 24 Iraq workers.
than 600,000 children under
two and 1.5 million lactating
mothers.
• Provided iron folate sup-
plements for over 1.6 million
women of childbearing age.
• Screened more than 1.3
million children under five for
malnutrition.
• Distributed high protein
biscuits to more than
450,000 children and
200,000 pregnant and nurs-
ing mothers.
• Provided potable water
for 400,000 persons each
day in Basrah city and
170,000 persons in Kirkuk
and Mosul.
• Provided skills training for
2,500 primary health care
providers and 700 physi-
cians.
• Trained 2,000 health
educators, teachers, reli-
gious leaders and youth to
mobilize communities on
hygiene, diarrhea, breast-
feeding, nutrition and immu-
nization issues.
• Disseminated information
on essential health mes-
sages to families around the
country.
• Renovated 110 primary
health care centers.
• Provided vaccines and
cold chain equipment to
selected health centers.
• Developed a national plan
for the fortification of wheat
flour with iron and folic acid.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
8

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update Local Governance
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
USAID’s Local Governance Program (LGP) goals include promoting represen-
tative citizen participation in governance; strengthening the management skills
of city and provincial administrations and civic institutions; promoting advo-
cacy and participation of civil society organizations; enhancing leadership
skills; and serving as a recruiting tool for future leaders.
Highlights this Week:
• Local Governance Program (LGP) staff in Iraq’s southern region conducted a
workshop on the Principles of Fiscal and Administrative Decentralization for
eight members of the Basrah Governorate Council. The Council requested the
workshop to learn more about decentralization as they develop strategies for
devolution and equitable revenue sharing between the governorates and the
federal government. Decentralization will contribute to enhancing political
participation and strengthening home rule for local services.
• LGP conducted technical training in the south central region on service deliv-
ery improvement for a variety of Babil departments responsible for the deliv-
ery of essential services such as roads, water, sewage, and physical planning.
Training focused on preparation of infrastructure projects that can be utilized
for development planning and sound project management practices that enable
departments to operate more efficiently.
• The LGP team in Baghdad provided the Ba’qubah Water Directorate with
laboratory equipment to test and assess water quality in 28 major water treat-
ment facilities throughout Diyala governorate. Restoration of basic public ser-
vices has been a key component of LGP activities in the area. The direct bene-
ficiaries of these activities include the entire population of Diyala governorate:
1,224,000 residents.
• LGP staff in Salah Ad Din Governorate held eight Civic Dialogue Program
conferences over the past week. Iraqi facilitators prepared, organized, invited
speakers, and included community leaders to participate in discussions and fa-
cilitate dialogue. The confer-
ences focused on a variety of
themes including conflict
resolution, Islam and democ-
racy. Between 75-250 people
typically attended the confer-
ences.
• Established regional of-
fices in Al Basrah, Al Hillah,
Baghdad, and Mosul and
operations in all gover-
norates.
• Awarded $15.5 million in
rapid-response grants in the
first program year to
strengthen the capacity of
municipal authorities to de-
liver core municipal ser-
vices. The grants were used
to restore services in agri-
culture, education, health,
electricity, sanitation, and
water.
• Facilitated the establish-
ment or refreshment of 16
governorate councils, 90
district councils, 194 city or
sub-district councils, and
445 neighborhood councils.
• Organized and carried out
numerous selection proc-
esses for governors and
mayors, as well as local
council elections, throughout
Iraq.
• Committed more than
$2.4 million for the nation-
wide Civic Education Cam-
paign, which educated Iraqis
on democracy and Iraq’s
political situation.
Rehabilitated and refur-
bished government facilities.
• Supported preparation of
2004 city council budgets in
Baghdad, Mosul, Al Hillah,
Babil, and An Najaf.
• More than 26,400 democ-
racy dialogues have been
conducted to date.
• Supporting a series of
National Agenda Dialogue
Conferences, which engage
stakeholders such as aca-
demics, journalists, women,
tribal leaders, and local
government officials in dis-
cussions on their roles in
Iraq’s democracy.
Iraqis take part in a democracy dialogue
activity designed to build awareness and
support for democratic initiatives.
USAID United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
9

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update
Humanitarian Assistance
Transition Initiative
November 12, 2004
Major Accomplishments to
Date
USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) supports the transition to a par-
ticipatory, stable, and democratic country. OTI provides quick-dispensing,
high-impact grants meeting critical needs—providing short-term employment,
restoring basic government and community services, increasing Iraqi access to
information and communication, and encouraging protection of human rights.
Highlights this week:
• Farmers from an ethnically diverse and conflict-prone region of Iraq recently at-
tended a four-day workshop to discuss critical issues of the political and eco-
nomic transition. Under the “Arabization” policy of the former regime, minori-
ties from this agriculturally rich region were moved off their land and Arabs from
other regions settled in their place. Now, the original owners are taking steps to
reclaim their property. The workshop focused on educating farmers about their
rights and gave them an opportunity to express their opinions and voice their con-
cerns.
• Awarded more than 2,019
small grants totaling more
than $151.3 million for quick
impact activities that support
good governance, civil soci-
ety, conflict management
and mitigation, human rights
and transitional justice.
• Funded over 60 grants
totaling $3 million that focus
on women’s issues, includ-
ing supporting the establish-
ment of 14 women’s centers
in Iraq. Rehabilitated over
264 Iraqi national ministries,
schools, clinics and other
municipal buildings. Sup-
porting 65 Iraqi groups in
documenting human rights
abuses of the Ba’athist re-
gime and promoting peace,
tolerance, and reconcilia-
tion.
• Met critical needs during
and immediately after the
conflict by providing short-
term employment, restoring
basic government and com-
munity services, increasing
Iraqi access to information
and communication and
encouraging protection of
human rights.
Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance
In the first year of programming, USAID’s humanitarian assistance focused on
emergency interventions to prevent food and water shortages and provide ade-
quate shelter and medical supplies throughout Iraq. USAID is now directing
humanitarian assistance efforts through the Office of Foreign Disaster Assis-
tance (OFDA) to specifically target Iraq’s internally displaced people (IDP),
primarily in northern Iraq, but also in two southern governorates.
• Rehabilitated 105 water
treatment units and 396
kilometers of water networks
to ensure the provision of
potable water in critical ar-
eas.
• Rehabilitated 72 health
facilities and re-equipped
238 to improve the quality of
Left: School children at new wash basins.
Below: Wash basins before rehabilitation
USAID’s Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), in coopera-
tion with the Ninawa’ Directorate of Education, rehabilitated the
water and sanitation systems at 90 schools in Ninawa’ Governorate
over the summer. The project supplied new water tanks, installed
new water coolers, repainted bathrooms and toilets, installed new
sanitary fittings and wash basins,
replaced damaged and broken
doors, fixed broken windows and
tiled the floors. More than 67,000
Iraqi school children now have
clean running water and function-
ing toilets. This rehabilitation work
was part of a larger coalition initia-
tive to rehabilitate the water and
sanitation systems at 205 schools
in northern Iraq. The remaining
schools were supported by other
coalition development agencies.
health care.
• Vaccinated over 3,000
women and children against
measles.
• Registered internally
displaced persons and pro-
vided them with water, blan-
kets, medical kits, and hy-
giene kits.
• Rehabilitated a water
treatment plant in a poor
area of Baghdad. The re-
hab is benefiting 1 million
residents.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
10

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update
Completed Activities
November 12, 2004
Since the cessation of the 2003 conflict, USAID has completed planned work at Umm Qasr Seaport and to
restore significant portions of Iraq’s telecommunications network. USAID also helped avert a humanitar-
ian crisis during the conflict by providing assistance to the United Nations’ World Food Program through
USAID’s Office of Food for Peace. USAID advisors continue to assist with the management and distribu-
tion of food rations for all Iraqi citizens.
Seaport:
• USAID’s $45 million programs to rehabilitate and improve management at the port were completed in
June 2004.
• Port reopened to commercial traffic on June 17 2003; completed first passenger vessel test July 16.
• Up to 50 ships offload at the port every month.
• Completed dredging to open all 21 berths to deep-draft ships; maintenance dredging is ongoing.
• Applied port tariffs on June 20, 2003.
• Renovated the grain-receiving facility to process 600 MT of grain an hour.
• Renovated the administration building, passenger terminal, customs hall, and electrical substations.
Telecommunications:
• Audited more than 1,200 km of the fiber optic backbone network and performed emergency repairs,
reconnecting 20 cities and 70% of the population.
• Reconstituted Baghdad area phone service by installing switches with 240,000 lines at 12 sites.
• Installed 13 new switches, and fully integrated them with the 14 existing switches.
• Ministry of Communications reactivated more than 215,000 subscriber lines.
• Installed a satellite gateway system at Baghdad’s largest telecom exchange and restored international
service.
• Trained ITPC engineers and technicians in the operation and maintenance of the satellite gateway sys-
tem and the new switches.
Food Security:
• Worked directly with the World Food Program (WFP) and Coalition Forces to re-establish the Public
Distribution System (PDS) in less than 30 days, avoiding a humanitarian food crisis and providing food
security throughout the country.
• With Iraqi food distributors, Food for Peace, the WFP, and Coalition Forces maintained deliveries from
June through December 2003 in all 18 governorates.
• Played a key role in an agreement between the WFP, CPA, and the MoT that provided the WFP with
the resources and authority to continue to support the PDS through June 2004.
• In partnership with the United States Embassy in Iraq, providing on-going support to the Public Distri-
bution System Working Group to assist the Ministry of Trade with improving PDS management.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
11

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update
Financial Summary
November 12, 2004
FY 2003-2005*
Implementing
Partner Sector Regions Obligation
RECONSTRUCTION
USAID/ANE .........................................................................................................................Subtotal: $3,642,451,337
Abt Associates Health Countrywide $23,031,886
AFCAP Logistics Countrywide $91,500,000
Army Corps of
Engineers Architecture and Engineering services Countrywide $31,328,264
BearingPoint Economic Governance Countrywide $79,583,885
BearingPoint Economic Governance II Countrywide $35,000,000
Louis Berger
Group Vocational Education Countrywide $27,200,000
Louis Berger
Group Private Sector Development II Countrywide $12,636,115
Bechtel National
Airports, buildings, emergency communications, power, rail-
roads, roads and bridges, Umm Qasr seaport, water and sani-
tation
Countrywide $1,029,833,259
Bechtel National
Infrastructure II: Airports, buildings, emergency communica-
tions, power, railroads, roads and bridges, Umm Qasr seaport,
water and sanitation, Basra Hospital
Countrywide $1,443,359,782
Community
Action Program Development in impoverished communities Countrywide $155,580,000
DAI Marshlands
Dhi Qar
Al Basrah
Maysan
$4,000,000
DAI Agriculture Countrywide $11,352,912
Fed Source Personnel Support Countrywide $300,000
IRG Reconstruction Support Countrywide $51,698,152
RTI Local Governance Countrywide $236,911,000
America’s
Development
Foundation
Civil Society Countrywide $42,880,157
CAII Education Countrywide $56,503,000
CAII Education II Countrywide $51,809,000
CEPPS Education Activities in Support of Electoral Processes Countrywide $18,725,000
CEPPS Iraq Governing Council Countrywide $675,000
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
12

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update
Financial Summary
November 12, 2004
FY 2003-2005*
Implementing
Partner Sector Regions Obligation
CEPPS Transitional Government Countrywide $20,700,000
CEPPS Voter Education, Domestic Observation and Conflict
Resolution Countrywide $23,000,000
CEPPS Elections Administration Support Countrywide $40,000,000
UNICEF Health, Water, and Sanitation Countrywide $36,700,000
UNICEF Education Countrywide $19,600,000
UNESCO Textbook Printing and Distribution: Math and Science Countrywide $10,000,000
WHO Strengthen Health System Countrywide $10,000,000
SSA Port Management Umm Qasr $14,318,985
SkyLink Airport Management Baghdad,
Al Basrah, Mosul $27,200,000
MSI Monitoring and Evaluation Countrywide $5,038,772
CHF
International Monitoring and Evaluation Countrywide $461,228
University
Partners
• The Research Foundation of the State University of New York/Stony
Brook and the Universities of Chicago, Boston, and Oxford
• The Human Rights Institute, DePaul University College of Law, and
Italy’s International Institute of Higher Studies in Criminal Sciences
• University of Hawaii, the International Center for Agricultural Research
in Dry Areas, University of Jordan and the American University in Beirut
• Jackson State University, Tougaloo College, Alcorn State University,
Mississippi Valley State University, University of Mississippi Medical
Center, Benetech, US-Iraq Business Resources
• University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University, Cameron
University, and Langston University
Various
universities coun-
trywide
$20,730,000
Yankee Group Telecoms Planning Countrywide $58,150
VEGA Business Skills Training Countrywide $12,089,702
UNDP Trust Fund Contribution Countrywide $5,000,000
World Bank Trust Fund Contribution Countrywide $5,000,000
EMERGENCY RELIEF
USAID/DCHA/OFDA............................................................................................................................. $114,688,229
Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $7,633,952
AirServ Logistics Countrywide $5,309,876
ARC Capacity building Al Basrah $537,746
CARE IDP Assistance, Quick-impact projects, Water and Sanitation,
Health, Emergency Relief Commodities Countrywide $9,043,148
The Cuny Center Research studies Countrywide $40,260
GOAL Coordination, Nutrition Al Muthanna’ $1,507,900
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
13

Iraq Reconstruction Weekly Update
Financial Summary
November 12, 2004
FY 2003-2005*
Implementing
Partner Sector Regions Obligation
InterAction Coordination Kuwait City $92,860
IDA Health Countrywide $1,318,437
IMC Health, IDP Assistance, Food Security, Nutrition, Water and
Sanitation, Capacity building Countrywide $17,952,898
IOM IDP Assistance, Coordination Countrywide $6,545,780
IRC IDP Assistance, Health, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $8,000,411
Logistics Emergency Relief Commodities and USAID/DART Support Countrywide $22,553,653
Mercy Corps IDP Assistance, Health, Emergency Relief Commodities,
Shelter, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $8,699,786
SCF/US Food Security, Health, IDP Assistance, Shelter, Nutrition,
Emergency Relief Commodities, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $7,957,783
UNICEF Health, Nutrition, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000
OCHA Coordination and Information Countrywide $1,200,000
USAID/Jordan Support for Emergency Water Activities Countrywide $500,000
WFP Food Security, Logistics Countrywide $5,000,000
World Vision Health, Logistics, Emergency Relief Commodities, Water/
Sanitation Countrywide $6,793,739
USAID/DCHA/FFP....................................................................................................................................$425,571,000
WFP Operations Countrywide $45,000,000
WFP Emerson Trust – 81,500 MT Countrywide $40,337,000
WFP P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities – 163,820 MT Countrywide $140,234,000
WFP Regional Purchase – 330,000 MT Countrywide $200,000,000
USAID/DCHA/OTI................................................................................................................................$217,540,548
Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $9,272,935
IOM Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide $6,462,167
DAI Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide $190,810,533
Internews Media Countrywide $160,359
Radio SAWA Media Countrywide $400,000
NDI/IRI National Governance Countrywide $650,000
IFES National Governance Countrywide $1,042,315
ICNL Civil Society Countrywide $39,238
Spa War** Inter-Ministry Communications Countrywide $8,703,001
TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ FROM 2003-2005............................................................$4,400,251,114
* Figures in funding sheet are subject to change and do not represent a final official accounting of USG obligations.
** For accounting purposes, funding for this activity has been obligated by OFDA under an existing interagency
agreement.
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
www.usaid.gov/iraq
14